홍성우 Sung Woo Hong

DOI: Vol.16(No.2) 1-30, 2009

The ``Open Method of Coordination(OMC)`` has emerged as a new policy instrument in the context of European network governance in March 2000. The OMC has strengthened the logic of mutual learning, benchmarking, best practice and peer review & pressure to achieve the EU``s goal of becoming the world``s most competitive and dynamic knowledge-based economy, capable of sustaining economic growth with better jobs and greater social cohesion. In the field of Research & Technological Development(R&TD) as a target of this analysis, the Competitiveness Council of European Commission has organized the Committee for Scientific and Technical Research(CREST) to oversee process and implementation of the OMC in the area of R&TD. This paper examines the CREST-OMC which was launched in relation to the Barcelona 3% target set in 2003 as a policy instrument in the context of network governance. As a result, a positive view on the need to coordinate R&TD policies softly in EU 27 members and on the voluntary and flexible nature of policy coordination and learning in the CREST-OMC is shown even there is a negative view about the effectiveness of the open method of coordination(OMC).

네트워크 거버넌스, 정책조정, 유럽연합, 개방형조정방식, Policy Coordination, Network Governance, EU, OMC

이강 Ghang Lee

DOI: Vol.16(No.2) 31-55, 2009

This research aims to present an integration measure for the Community Association of Social Welfare and the Government-civilian Consultation Body for Resident’s Living. As the Community Association of Social Welfare was launched as an organization that plans, practices, and assesses local community welfare, and the Government-civilian Consultation Body for Resident’s Living show overlapping qualities in health and welfare in their operations and subsequently have raised the integration issue, it becomes urgent to prepare an optimal integration measure. The research measure and object is as follows: first, I analyzed relevant official documents and research resources on the Community Association of Social Welfare and Government-civilian Consultation Body for Resident’s Living, then carried out a discussion on the integration model (integration type, mixed type and co-existing type), proposed by the Ministry of Public Administration and Security and the Ministry for Health, Welfare and Family Affairs. Through this process, I derived a conclusion that the Community Association of Social Welfare and the Government-civilian Consultation Body for Resident’s Living should be integrated based on the Community Association of Social Welfare.

지역사회복지협의체, 주민생활민관협의체, 지역사회복지, 주민생활지원서비스, 지방자치단체, Community Association of Social Welfare, Government-civilian Consultation Body for Resident`s Living, Local Community Welfare, Resident Living Support Service, Municipalities

민현정 Hyun Jeong Min

DOI: Vol.16(No.2) 55-82, 2009

This writing pays attention to the discussion and the case about local governance that tries to analyze on ``Japanese local coproduction``.　This study was started to debate how to secure and create local coprodution under various administrative reforms that government agencies practice, decentralization, local autonomy, and the governmental environment centered around pluralization and decentralization. In this context, the main bodies of local civil society such as NPOs and otherwise should be regarded as new main bodies of public as well as ``public interest``, which is difficult to be secured only by market forces in process of entrusting governmental powers to civil organizations, should be secured through public rules or public policies. In line with this current, this study analyzed how to carry out the public-private coproduction in local government that recently evoke sympathy in Japan and its practical measures ``local coproduction``　in the aspect of operation and system. Through these analysis, this study aims to derive positive outcomes and limited factors.

로컬 거버넌스, 지역협동, 파트너십, 네트워크, Local Governance, Local Coproduction, NPO, Partnership & Network

이남국 Nam Kuk Lee , 서재호 Jae Ho Seo

DOI: Vol.16(No.2) 83-107, 2009

This study examines the reality of decentralized intergovernmental welfare- relationship of community social service investment(CSI) which implemented at 2007 as a social investment policy based on the questionnaire to the local bureaucrat who are incumbent. The core of decentralized intergovernmental relationship in welfare policy is to harmonize the autonomy and accountability of local government, so the questionnaire to the bureaucrat is organized based on two concept. Based on the result this study proposes several implications to make CSI effective. First, strengthening the capacity of local government to implement CSI autonomously. Second, ensuring some organizations which can help local government to develop and manage CSI projects. Third, building the information management system on CSI for performance management. Forth, making and presenting standard which is used to control CSI by central government.

사회투자정책, 지역사회서비스투자사업, 분권, 지방정부 자율성,책임성, Social Investment Policy, Community Social Service Investment, Decentralization, Local Autonomy,Accountability

박희서 Hwie Seo Park

DOI: Vol.16(No.2) 107-129, 2009

This study is to identify the effect of social exchange on public servants`` organizational citizenship behaviors in public organizations. And this study is to test whether public servants`` organizational trust mediates the relations between social exchanges and organizational citizenship behaviors. As a result of the study, it is found that organizational trust of local public servants mediates social exchanges and Organizational citizenship behaviors, which indicates that the role of organizational trust is important as a parameter. And as positive perception of leader-members exchange, organizational support, exchanges between co-workers increases, altruistic behaviors and generalized conformity increase and more Organizational citizenship behaviors are observed. In conclusion, to induce more positive organizational citizenship behaviors from public servants, this study suggests that organizations should be managed in a direction to develop quality exchange between leaders and members, and co-workers, support organizations positively, and enhance their organizational trust.

리더-구성원간 교환관계, 조직지원인식, 동료간 교환관계, 조직신뢰, 조직시민행동, Leader-Member Exchange, Perceived Organization Support, Co-Worker Exchange, Organizational trust, Organizational Citizenship Behavior

이동수 Dong Su Lee

DOI: Vol.16(No.2) 129-150, 2009

This study examines the impact of burnout, turnover intention, organizational citizenship behavior of burnout factors(work stress, organizational turn, role ambiguity, role conflict) in employee of the Integrated social welfare facilities. Three major findings are reported. First, work stress and role conflict in employee of the Integrated social welfare facilities affected burnout. Second, work stress, organizational turn, role conflict and burnout in employee of the Integrated social welfare facilities affected turnover intention. Third, burnout and turnover intention in employee of the Integrated social welfare facilities affected organizational citizenship behavior. Burnout factors which are analysis on the control effects to the impact of the relation of impowerment in employee of the Integrated social welfare facilities affected to differ work stress, burnout, turnover intention and organizational citizenship behavior.

종합사회복지관, 소진, 이직의도, 조직시민행동, Integrated Social Welfare Facilities, Burnout, Turnover Intention, Organizational Citizenship Behavior

김병록 Byung Rok Kim

DOI: Vol.16(No.2) 151-173, 2009

This Study analyzed the influence of social capital on the attitude and behavior of local citizen toward grassroot self-government in China. This study is based on the data from the survey conducted in Yantai, China in 2008. First, social capital was surveyed in two dimension. The level of the general trust among individuals was measured in the subjective dimension, and the level of individuals`` involvement in informal social organizations or networks was measured in the objective dimension. The social capital between local citizens in China was abundant. Next, the impact of social capital on political orientation(confidence in community residents`` committee, democratic values, participation in grassroots self-government) was analyzed. The result confirmed the conclusions of precedent studies that the positive relation exists in between them. Which implies the concept of social capital which started in western environment is useful in understand local citizens`` political attitude and behavior in China, and political effects of social capital can be superior to the cultural gap. This research can``t be generalized since it is based on the survey of one region, Yantai, China. However, the implication given by the outcome of this investigation emphasizes the necessity of deeper and more centralized research in political effect of social capital in modern China.

기층 자치정부, 사회자본, 정치 태도, 정치 참여, 중국, China, Grassroot Self-government, Political Attitude, Political Participation, Social Capital

안성호 Seong Ho Ahn

DOI: Vol.16(No.2) 173-207, 2009

This paper aims to critically review the three political parties`` restructuring schemes on local self-governing areas/tiers in Korea, and then to suggest an alternative local self-governing system for the strengthening of local democracy and international competitiveness in the glocal era. To this end, the paper begins with examining the characteristics of both the current status of and the political parties`` restructuring schemes on local self-governing areas/tiers from the angle of international comparison. Next, a number of problems embedded in the political parties`` schemes are scrutinized, in particular, in the light of local government reorganization cases of major advanced countries, public choice theory and the findings of its empirical tests. Third, the paper maps out an alternative local self-governing system in order to promote community democracy at the basic-level local governments and to enhance international competitiveness at the level of regional governments. Finally, the paper discusses the procedural issues to be seriously considered in the restructuring reform of local self-governing areas/tiers.

지방자치체제 개편, 지방행정체제 개편, 자치구역, 자치계층, 지방분권형 개헌, Restructuring Local Self-governing System, Restructuring Local Administrative System, Self-governing Area, Self-governing Tier, Constitutional Revision for Decentralization

손호중 Ho Jung Son , 김옥일 Ok Il Kim , 박광국 Kwang Kook Park

DOI: Vol.16(No.2) 207-232, 2009

This Study investigates the pattern of personnel change of the central government called as the main administrative reform from the Civil Government to the Participatory Government. Although there are some controversies among the scholars in terms of the scope of civil servant, the study focuses on the size of full-time civil servants. For this, the study analyzes the trend of change in the central government``s personnel at the macro level, and then reanalyzes it by job class, job position, and administrative function at the micro level. In particular, the study tries to suggest the analytical implications for the performance of the government``s personnel policy in terms of the satisfaction of the national demand. According to the survey conducted by the Ministry of Government Administration and Home Affairs in 2005, the nation have high policy priorities on expanding social welfare, securing new growth power, preparing aging society, and stabilizing public education. On the question about which area is the most necessary for the recruitment of civil servants, most people showed the high priority on the function of police, social welfare, and education. On the other hand, they revealed the low priority on the function of government operation and management. The empirical study on the changing trend of government``s personnel also confirmed that the governemnt personnel policy responded the demand of nation well. More specifically, the personnel size of police, social welfare, and education is continuously increasing, whereas that of the area of economy and industry is gradually decreasing.

정부인력 규모, 국가공무원 인력변화, 중앙정부 인력규모 추세분석, Size of Government Personnel, Change of Civil Servants` Manpower, Trend Analysis of Government`s Personnel Policy

권오성 O Sung Kwon , 황혜신 Hie Shin Hwang , 안혁근 Hyug Keun Ahn , 박석희 Sauk Hee Park

DOI: Vol.16(No.2) 231-262, 2009

This research utilized Hoek et al(2005)``s broad concept of public accountability - vertical accountability, internal accountability, customer accountability and social accountability - and constructed a survey questionnaire for employees in public institutions in Korea based on the 4 different concepts of accountability. The authors categorized the approximately 300 public institutions in Korea into 6 types based on two combined criteria - classification by law and service functions. The authors then conducted ANOVA and Sheffe tests to find out the differences of public accountability among the 6 types of public institutions. The results of ANOVA and Sheffe post hoc tests showed that in terms of vertical accountability and internal accountability, public institutions managing assets(type 6) were ahead of the other 5 types of institutions, while public enterprises(type 1) excelled in customer accountability. Public institutions which promote research and education(type 5) showed unsatisfactory results in social accountability compared with the other types. The survey results also showed that improving the management evaluation system, the auditing system, and the performance management system were required above all to enhance accountability in public institutions.

공공기관, 책임성, 지배구조, 경영평가제도, 감사제도, Public Institutions, Accountability, Governance, Management Evaluation System, Auditing System

심선경 Sun Kyung Shim

DOI: Vol.16(No.2) 263-286, 2009

This study explores the influence of top managers`` leadership on interorganizational relationships of Job Centers. Job Center is representative public job service organization in South Korea. Using leadership types and organizational structures framework of Quinn``s ``competing values model``, this paper demonstrates the result of analysis of materials from 38 Job Centers in the nation, The result suggests that analyst leadership type and work experience at current organization of the top manager may strengthen inter-organizational relationships. On the other hand, motivator leadership type has negative relations. Especially for the interorganizational relations between Job Centers and private organizations, it is active in case flexibility index is low or when analyst leader exists. This result is similar to the study of Quinn that certain leadership type can be effective within certain organizational structure and culture like ``analyst leadership`` is desired in a hierarchical organization executing laws. However, considering extraordinary nature of Job Center that it is not only an administrative organization of the Ministry of Labor but also it conduct itself hiring services,, more sophisticated research about its nature and development of leadership type are necessary.

경쟁적 가치모형, 리더쉽, 고용서비스, 고용네트웍, Competing Values Model, Leardership, Employment Service, Network

안병철 Byeong Chul Ahn , 김정렬 Jung Yul Kim , 이도형 Do Hyung Lee

DOI: Vol.16(No.2) 287-319, 2009

The purpose of this study is to analyze the historical change and trait through law related to public service during the 1953-2008 period. Based on the analysis, this paper suggests several implications for historical trait of public service law in Korea. First, the service``s patterns hold relatively a majority in education, medicine, welfare, police, culture-art services of all law. Second, it is showed that the change of law is frequent a water-resource, medicine, education services, as attended on demand of service. Third, the pattern of law``s chance is highlighted with education service before the 1970``s, education and medicine in the 1970``s, culture-art and medicine in the 1980``s, education and culture-art in the 1990``s, water-resource and medicine in the 2000``s. Four, the contents of law``s change focus on standard arrangement and institution creation in production for public services, establishing organization to service delivery. Five, it is dominant pattern that supply types of service place the focus on public-supply in the police, railway, disaster control, civil service, on public-supply, privatization and public-private partnership in the education, culture-art, medicine, welfare service, on public-supply and privatization in the water-resource, waste management service. Finally, we suggest that historical approach of public service law in Korea provides a peculiarly pivotal framework for public service studies. Despite such argument this paper is a basic study in the level of exploratory research.

공공서비스, 서비스법제, 내용분석, 역사적 특성, Public Service, Historical Change, Content Analysis, Public Service Law, Law`s Trait

이중섭 Jung Seb Lee

DOI: Vol.16(No.2) 319-347, 2009

Purpose of this study is to analyse factor and path which giving effect to satisfaction level of senior citizens who take part in senior welfare center. Preceding studies about relation senior welfare service with service quality and theoretical debate of SERVQUAL model reviewed. So 472 users in two senior welfare center who live at home in Gwang-ju have participated in the survey. There are five latent variable in this study. Five latent variable is appropriateness of physical environment, relationship among human resources, rationality of management or administration, quality of program, and users`` satisfaction. Results demonstrate that first, relationship among human resources and rationality of management or administration has a directly influence on satisfaction of user in senior welfare center. Second quality of program has a directly influence on satisfaction of user in senior welfare center. Finally, relationship among human resources and rationality of management or administration through quality of program as process variable influence on satisfaction of user in senior welfare center. Finding from this study suggest that welfare policy for senior focus on investment for human resource, various program development, and qualitative improvement of program or service.

노인복지관, 이용만족, 인적물적 자원, 프로그램 품질, Senior Welfare Center, Users` Satisfaction, Human and Physical Resource, Program`s Quality

한인섭 In Sub Han

DOI: Vol.16(No.2) 347-370, 2009

We investigated the implications and limits of customer satisfaction survey in evaluating the performance of local public enterprises. Recently, customer satisfaction survey has come to fashion as a tool of evaluation in Korea, which implies that the perceptions of citizen should be considered as a critical factor in performance evaluation of public organizations. But it has been claimed that customer satisfaction survey, as a evaluation tool, has its own limits. These raise some research questions about its practical usefulness, which is the very points of this study. In this respect, we delineated the evolution of customer satisfaction survey in evaluating local public enterprises in Korea and delved the institutional constraints and limits as a performance evaluation tool. In conclusions, we suggest some policy implications and further research issues based upon the findings.

지방공기업, 경영평가, 고객만족도 조사, Local Public Enterprise, Performance Evaluation, Customer Satisfaction Survey